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While it might sound man-made, sucrose is simply the chemical name for sugar, the simple carbohydrate we know and love that is produced naturally. Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. Simple sugars, also called monosaccharides, include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

The scientific name for sugar. Sugar is a disaccharide, made up of two simple sugar units (monosaccharides), glucose and fructose. Sugar is an umbrella term for many types of simple carbohydrates, including white table sugar. Also called sucrose, this is the most common sweetener used in sweet desserts and baked.